This applies to most aspects of gaming, so I am putting it here instead. Why is it that in nearly every game where an archer features they are lightly armed and armored? Shouldn't they be more bulked up, considering they do not need to move whereas their sword-wielding compadres do? Think about it. The exception being Elves, archers do not move around much. They either sit at the back of a battlefield or stay on the battlements. So why is it we're always giving them the weakest armor?
I think bowmen where lightly armored by leather because it is allot more flexible than cast iron and other metal alloys. Archers needed the flexibility to quickly reload their bows with arrows. Another aspect of leather versus metals is that leather is silent. I imagine archers sometimes played a sniper roles on the battlefield, thus being sometimes hidden in enemy territory. Wearing metal would create lots of noise, and inevitably lead to the sniping archer being discovered, caught, and killed. Leather was also taken from livestock, and no mining had to be done. I am no expert on historical facts, but I am using logic to come up with an answer to your question. Therefore, I could be wrong, but if you want a true answer, or want to disprove my theories, research this topic online. I would love to know the real answer.
Archers were never sent on the front lines because in a one on one close combat fight, melee weapons beat range weapons.
About the 30 pounds thing, that didn't apply mid-evil days. the bow you are referring to is a compound bow, with isn't a true bow people used in war. My bother in laws family has one that require 40 pounds. These are the bows that are used in most archery competitions today I believe
compound bows can have a pull of well over 40 pounds
personally, I'd rather being wearing armor then not wearing armor if i was on the front lines shooting arrows.
If you're shooting arrows from the frontline, you're doing something seriously wrong...
About the crossbowmen, the most important defence they needed was the pavise. Crossbows are much slower, and during reload the crossbowman would crouch behind the pavise. So I don't think they were heavily armored. Except for crossbows on horseback.
Well I don't really have much to say on the historical aspect of this because it already has been pretty much covered. However I think that in the gaming aspect of it archers would be pretty OP if they had strong armor and a high-powered ranged attack. Maybe the cost of the archer could be increased, but still...
I bow hunt with full coveralls (which are very bulky) and I never seem to have a problem aiming or getting in the full 360
Recurve or compound?
About the 30 pounds thing, that didn't apply mid-evil days. the bow you are referring to is a compound bow, with isn't a true bow people used in war. My bother in laws family has one that require 40 pounds. These are the bows that are used in most archery competitions today I believe.
actually archery competitions use recurve a little more. compound is TOO accurate. mens recurve olympics use recurve bows around 50 pounds draw weight. womens use around 35-40.
so yes, historically archers had strong draw weights and each archer had a specific draw weight custom to them. archers were NEVER on the front lines. they were on high ground(harder to hit) and far away(hence the strong bows needed to be deadly at a far range)
i will stand by the lack of armor because of mobility.
Cross bows are no toys either, Christians in crusades had crossbows which in order to be reloaded had to be put on ground vertically and then their strings drawn back with both hands. And that was a main reason they lost a crusade(I forgot which one) as arabs were mounted skirmishers and whole christian army had to stop for crossbowmrn to reload in order to keep formation. While arabs were on horses so they were able to get near them quickly and with not much causalities.
Christians in crusades had crossbows which in order to be reloaded had to be put on ground vertically and then their strings drawn back with both hands.
That's a stirruped hand-spanned crossbow, one of the first types. later on, they got windlasses and "Goat's Feet" for more powerful crossbows.
the scottish guard, a unit in the french army was fully armord, with half-plates armors.
the basic reason is that archer were made of hunters from the villages.
remmember, in the ages were bows were in full use, the armies were built by a knight and his companions. a lord of aa castle came with his 'gang'. it was clearly a gang wars. and archers were mostly young boys from farms. they had a bow for hunting, and couldnt afford buying a donkey, so will they buy scalemale just in case?
and in the later years, archer jobs was to support the cavaley. killing pikemans, taunt {most peopels dont like to stand still while under fire} and finish off the injures in the end of the battle. the only archers who were armord up were spiecel guards, like hte byzantine guard archers and as i said, the scottish guard of the french king. and a unit which was armord up, was mostly meant to go on melee after some rounds of shooting. whould you give pilots a assult rifle?
and if you mean in rpg games, yea, most of them are very very Stereotypical. as a one who love playing a elvish knight yes, full armor and a basterd sword}, i hate when they make me be a light armor archer {and in some games, make me be a female elvish *****, i mean common, a bra made of steel is armor?! what you wnat this rogue to do, give me money in 1 dollars Bill?!}
but mainly, blame tolkin and legolas. if he had full plates, all these games whould look Completely different×¥
i full agree danielo and i want to say something else: I think that archers are usualy light-armored because the heavey-armor can influence their aiming a lot if they aren't experts or the target is very far from them and maybe as semone said before the heavy-armor is slowing their reloading too.